English-Latvian dictionary of MIL related terms

Access

The ability of media consumers to create, propose, get acknowledged their texts and to respond to dominant (mass) media

piekļuve

Agenda-setting

The role of media to create (lists of) topics for publics to think and talk about

darba kārtības noteikšana

Analog

A medium with physical characteristics and presence

analogs

Audience

The imagined and real receivers of the media message

auditorija

Author

Creator or producer of the message, holder of CR

autors

Bias

Partial, preferring attitude or prejudice

aizspriedums

Blog

A frequently updated online journal or column

blogs, emuārs, tīmekļa žurnāls, tīmekļa dienasgrāmata

Brand

The mark by which a commodity in the marketplace is known (primarily for the image)

zīmols

Broadcasting

Production and delivery of media content for broad audiences by using airwaves

tālraide

Cablecasting

Delivery of media (in a form of narrowcasting produced) content through underground of overhead cables

kabeļraidīšana

Censorship

suppressing of a text or part of it unacceptable to (often ideological) standards

cenzūra

Commercial

An advertisement included with another broadcast 

reklāma

Connotation

Meaning added by the audience on the basis of association, often connected to value system, culture or ideology

konotācija

Construction

The creation of a (design and meaning of a) media text through variety of decisions aimed of keeping audience interested

konstruēšana

Consumers

The audience of a commercial media text responding with commercial activity

patērētāji

Convergence

The merging of previously separate communication industries based on digital technology

saplūšana

Copyright

Method of protection of the rights of an originator of a creative work through law

autortiesības

Content creation

the development, design and contribution of information to any media for an end-user/audience

satura radīšana

Critical

Reflecting on the intentions of the meaning, biases or value messages and other aspects of an object, image or text in a social context

kritisks

Critical autonomy

The ability of the audience to read and interpret a media text taking in account the situation and social context in a way free from preferred reading

kritiskā autonomija

Cut

A technique of editing allowing a transition between two images

montāža

Deconstruction

Identification of the meaning making elements within a text

dekonstrukcija

Demographics

The (measurable) parametric description of the audience

demogrāfija

Denotation

Common sense, direct meaning of a media text

denotācija

Digital

Based on a method where information is reduced to digits and then reassembled for an exact reproduction

digitals

Digital media

Electronic media using digital code

digitālie mediji

Discourse

Interactive structuring of knowledge, ideas, or experience created by specific use of a language in concrete contexts

diskurss

Docudrama

A film that combines documentary and fictional elements using facts and dramatizing them

dokudrāma

Dominant

The intended (by authors) way of understanding a text

dominējošs

Edition

Form or version of publishing

izdevums, izlaidums

Emotion

State of feeling influencing thought and behavior through physical and psychological changes

emocijas

Entertainment

amusement or diversion provided especially by performers, something that entertains (a public performance)

izklaide

Edutainment

Educational process provided in entertaining form

izglītojošā izklaide

Evaluate

Determine value or significance by careful study

vērtēt

Experiential

From experience, empirical

pieredzes

Exposure

the condition of being subject to some effect or influence

eksponētība

Expression

act or sign(s) of representation in a medium (e.g. language)

izteiksme

Face-to-face communication

Act of communication where sender and receiver are in direct contact

tiešā komunikācija

Fact

an actual occurrence, a piece of information presented as having objective reality

fakts

Fake news

News that are created to disinform, misinform and influence audience

viltus ziņas

Feedback

Part of communication whereby a receiver can disagree, ask a question, repeat information for understanding, or talk back

atgriezeniskā saite

Gatekeepers

Persons able to control the flow of information and ideas

vārtu sargātāji

GDPR

General Data Protection Regulation

vispārīgā datu aizsardzības regula

Genre

A kind of a media text characterized by a particular style, form or content

žanrs

Hardware

The equipment used to produce, distribute and exhibit media texts

aparatūra

Hegemony

Form of domination where subordinate groups are persuaded by dominant groups through the dominant ideology to maintain the status quo

hegemonija

HTML (hypertext markup language)

Computer programming language that allows people to create links on the world wide web

hiperteksta iezīmēšanas valoda valoda (html)

Ideology

The way of understanding of the world that involves an interaction between our individual psychologies and the social structures

ideoloģija

Image

A type or a product of visual representation

attēls

Immersive

Pertaining to the chrome-free UI presentation mode that fills all or a portion of the display

imersīvs

Impact

The force of impression of one thing on another; a significant or major effect

ietekme

Industry

Institutions and agents for (commercial) production of media texts

industrija

Information

Knowledge obtained from investigation, study, or instruction, meaning created from data

informācija

Intention

Expected in future

nodoms

Intertextuality

A condition where one media text making reference to another text(s)

intertekstualitāte

Mainstream media

Media oriented on the general public using the largest distribution channels

pamatplūsmas mediji

Manipulation

to control or play upon by various means especially to one's own advantage

manipulācija

Marketing

Selling of a (media) product to a target audience

mārketings

Mass media

Media producing and delivering messages to large heterogeneous audiences

masu mediji, plašsaziņas līdzekļi

Meaning

A thing that is conveyed, something meant in media text, denotation and connotation

nozīme

Media agencies

Agencies, institutions, businesses who produce for media

mediju aģentūras

Media content

Messages created and delivered to large audiences simultaneously

mediju saturs

Media education

Learning of technical production skills associated with creating media texts and critical skills of consumption or deconstruction of texts

mediju izglītība

Media languages

Media conventions, formats, symbols and narrative structures bringing meaning to the audience

mediju valodas

Media literacy

The ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create media in a variety of forms

medijpratība, mediju pratība

Media targets

The audiences that are targeted, sold and delivered to advertisers

mediju mērķauditorija

Media use

The way people interact with media

mediju lietojums

Media

Any physical object(s) used to communicate

mediji

Multimedia

a technique (such as the combining of sound, video, and text) for expressing ideas (as in communication, entertainment, or art) employing several media

multimediji

Metadata

Information about the properties or structure of data

metadati

Monopoly

One seller controling prices and supply of a product

monopols

Narrative

The way how the plot or story is told involving sequencing of events across the time and space

naratīvs

Narrowcasting

Creation and delivery of media content for targeting of a specific segment of the audience

mērķkomunikācija

Negotiate

Interaction of the audience to interpret, deconstruct and find meaning within a media text

vienoties

Objective

Information that is neutral, balanced (between viewpoints), precise, true and is not subjective

objektīvs

Oppositional

A critical position based on a different ideology that the one represented in the media text

opozicionāls

Polysemous

Having more than one meaning

polisēmisks

Prime time

A part of a radio or television schedule expected to attract the largest audience

pamatlaiks

Product placement

Prominent display in a TV production or movie of branded product(s) by a company for fee

produktu izvietošana

Propaganda

Media tex(s) with purpose to persuade an audience of a particular point of view

propaganda

Psychographics

A form of demographics that includes information about the psychological and sociological characteristics of media consumers

psihogrāfija

Reach

Total number of different people or households exposed, at least once, to a medium during a given period

sasniedzamība

Reading

A process of decoding symbols to derive meaning

lasīšana

Reality, VR, AR, MR

A totality of real, non-derivative things and events, state of being real. A virtual reality (VR) is technologically simulated experience, an augmented reality (AR) is a interactive simulated experience of a real world enhanced by computer-generated perceptual information, a mixed reality (MR) is an experience of real and simulated, virtual and augmented worlds

realitāte (virtuālā, paplašinātā, jauktā realitāte)

Reception

Coming into possession by technology, mind and senses

saņemšana

Representation

Constructing and putting of a media text to stand for, symbolize, describe or represent people, places, events or ideas

reprezentācija

Software

The programs written for computers

programmatūra

Stereotypes

Media representations that are labeling members of social and cultural groups according some instantly recognized characteristics; they based an element of truth but often biased and negative

stereotipi

Subtext

Indirect meaning of a media message

zemteksts

Synergy

The combination of two separate media products so that one helps market the other

sinerģija

Target audience

A selected group that a media message is meant to reach

mērķauditorija

Technology

The machinery, methods, tools and materials for production and communication of a media text that influences a construction and connotation of that text

tehnoloģija

Text

A result of media production consisting of signs and symbols (a newspaper article, SMS, novel, song, music video, radio or TV program, podcast, movie etc.)

teksts

Virtual

Representated rather than real

virtuāls

Visual literacy

The ability to analyze, evaluate, and interpret visual mesages

vizuālā pratība

World Wide Web

The network of pages of images, texts and sounds on the Internet accessed through a graphical user interface

globālais tīmeklis